The term "software-defined" usually refers to a technology that entered the IT market in the 2000s: virtualization. Although virtualization has been customary in a server environment for many years, the question arises as to how such basic structures as wide area network (WAN) routes can be virtualized and what their inherent benefits might be. A software-defined WAN (SD-WAN) comprises multiple components:
- Virtualization: frees the network from the physical infrastructure.
- Zero-touch provisioning: allows the timely addition of routes to the virtual infrastructure.
- Centralized management, automation, and the technologies of dynamic path conditioning.
- WAN optimization technologies: compression and deduplication, as well as high-speed TCP packet order correction and forward error correction.
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